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Universal Spin Models are Universal Approximators in Machine Learning
The two notions of universality turn out to be very similar. arXiv: 2507.07669. Tobi Reinhart and Gemma De les Coves
A framework for universality in physics, computer science and beyond
What do universal Turing machines, universal spin models, NP completeness, top of a preorder and denseness of a subset have in common? They are all universal in a certain (precise) sense.
arXiv:2307.06851